Maneuvering Speed (Va) — Why It Drops as the Aircraft Gets Lighter
Why manoeuvring speed changes with weight, how to use the square-root approximation, and why Va does not protect against every control input. Interactive V-n diagram and worked examples.
Drag Types & the Drag Curve
Induced vs parasite drag, why total drag is U-shaped, and what V_md means for endurance, glide, and holding speed.
How a Wing Generates Lift
Bernoulli AND Newton — both descriptions of lift are correct, both are needed, and the famous "equal transit time" theory taught in school is wrong.

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Principles of Flight

Aerodynamics, stability, control, high speed flight & propellers

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Basic Aerodynamic Theory

Airframe Contamination

Overview & Definitions

Principles of Flight Concepts

Maneuvering Speed (Va) — Why It Drops as the Aircraft Gets Lighter
Why manoeuvring speed changes with weight, how to use the square-root approximation, and why Va does not protect against every control input. Interactive V-n diagram and worked examples.
Drag Types & the Drag Curve
Induced vs parasite drag, why total drag is U-shaped, and what V_md means for endurance, glide, and holding speed.
How a Wing Generates Lift
Bernoulli AND Newton — both descriptions of lift are correct, both are needed, and the famous "equal transit time" theory taught in school is wrong.